Phono Preamplifiers

A turntable preamp boosts the weak cartridge signal to a level that a standard AUX, LINE input or active speakers can handle. It also applies RIAA equalization, so vinyl does not sound too quiet, sharp or lacking bass. Before choosing one, first check whether the turntable or amplifier already has a phono stage, so you do not amplify the signal twice.

When you need one

An external phono preamp is needed when your system only has line inputs and the turntable does not have an enabled or built-in phono output. The connection is simple: connect the turntable to the preamp input with RCA cables, attach the ground wire to the GND terminal and run the output to an amplifier, mixer or active speakers. If you hear hum, check the grounding, cable routing and distance from power adapters.

MM or MC cartridge

Most home turntables use an MM cartridge, so a standard system will usually be fine with an MM phono preamp. MC cartridges have a weaker output signal and require an MC or MM/MC model with suitable gain and input impedance. If you are not sure about the cartridge type, check the cartridge marking or the turntable manual.

What to focus on when choosing

• Basic connection: RCA input and output, a GND terminal and low noise are enough to connect a turntable to an amplifier without a PHONO input.
• Better hi-fi sound: check signal-to-noise ratio, THD, power supply quality and compatibility with the specific cartridge.
• Digitizing or convenience: a USB output helps with archiving records, while Bluetooth or an optical output suits specific home audio connections.

If you are building your first vinyl system, choose by cartridge and available inputs, not only by brand or price. A simple MM model solves standard connection needs, while an adjustable MM/MC preamp makes sense with a more expensive cartridge and a system where you want to fine-tune the final sound.